Multiple Choice Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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In a Punnett square, a capital letter (T) stands for a ______ allele.
a. | dominant | c. | recessive | b. | heterozygous | d. | sex-linked |
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2.
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The combination Tt represents a ______ genotype.
a. | heterozygous | c. | purebred | b. | homozygous | d. | sex-linked |
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3.
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Experiments with four o’clock flowers produced examples of ______
dominance.
a. | heterozygous | c. | incomplete | b. | homozygous | d. | recessive |
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4.
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Blood type is an example of ______.
a. | multiple alleles | c. | polygenic inheritance | b. | a pair of
genes | d. | sex-linked
genes |
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5.
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Color blindness is an example of ______.
a. | a sex-linked disorder | c. | a genetic disorder | b. | incomplete dominance | d. | polygenic
inheritance |
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6.
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Genetic engineering has already helped people by ______.
a. | altering pedigrees | b. | curing Down’s
syndrome | c. | eliminating infant deaths | d. | producing
medicine |
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7.
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Through recombinant DNA, scientists have been able to ______.
a. | cure color blindness | c. | alter viruses | b. | create new breeds of dogs | d. | improve
tomatoes |
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8.
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The explanation that species evolve by keeping traits that their parents
developed during their lives was proposed by ______.
a. | Darwin | c. | Laughlin | b. | Lamarck | d. | Slaughter |
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9.
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The theory of ______ states that organisms with traits best suited to their
environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
a. | acquired characteristics | c. | natural
selection | b. | embryology | d. | survival of the smartest |
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10.
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Variations are important in populations because they can lead to ______.
a. | better environments | c. | more fossils | b. | less evolution | d. | new species |
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11.
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The movements of individuals into or out of a population provides a source of
______ to a population.
a. | mutations | c. | variation | b. | punctuated equilibrium | d. | camouflage |
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12.
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Most fossils are found in ______.
a. | bones | c. | sedimentary rock | b. | mollusk shells | d. | wood |
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13.
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Scientists can estimate the age of a fossil by comparing the amount of ______
with the amount of ______.
a. | sediment; radioactive element | b. | fossils; variation | c. | sediment;
fossils | d. | radioactive element; nonradioactive element |
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14.
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The fossil record is ______.
a. | vestigial | c. | unimportant | b. | complete | d. | incomplete |
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15.
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DNA studies show that the closest relative of a bear is the ______.
a. | dog | c. | sloth | b. | gorilla | d. | wolverine |
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16.
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All of the following EXCEPT ______ provide evidence for evolution.
a. | homologous structures | c. | vestigial structures | b. | acquired characteristics | d. | embryology |
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17.
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______ is/are NOT a characteristic of all primates.
a. | Binocular vision | c. | Flexible shoulders | b. | A large brain | d. | Opposable
thumbs |
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18.
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______ is NOT a characteristic of Australopithecus.
a. | Using stone tools | b. | Having a small brain | c. | Walking
upright | d. | Having a humanlike jaw and teeth |
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19.
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______ is NOT a characteristic of hominids.
a. | Eating meat | c. | Burying their dead | b. | Eating vegetables | d. | Walking upright |
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20.
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Homo habilis was given its name because ______.
a. | its brain cavity was very small | c. | stone tools were found near
it | b. | its jaw was human-like | d. | it was found in East Africa |
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21.
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The species Homo sapiens means ______.
a. | “handy man” | c. | “tool-using
man” | b. | “southern ape” | d. | “wise human” |
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22.
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______ was the least like modern humans.
a. | Australopithecus | c. | Homo habilis | b. | Cro-Magnon | d. | Neanderthal |
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23.
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Another name for high blood pressure is ______.
a. | atherosclerosis | c. | leukemia | b. | hypertension | d. | thrombosis |
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24.
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Blood in veins is ______.
a. | high in oxygen | c. | low in wastes | b. | high in nutrients | d. | low in oxygen |
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25.
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In pulmonary circulation, blood flows through two organs, the ______.
a. | brain and heart | c. | heart and liver | b. | heart and kidneys | d. | lungs and heart |
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26.
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In systemic circulation, blood returns from your abdomen through the inferior
vena cava to the ______.
a. | left atrium | c. | right atrium | b. | left ventricle | d. | right ventricle |
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27.
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Coronary circulation is the flow of blood to the tissues of the ______.
a. | brain | c. | kidneys | b. | heart | d. | lungs |
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28.
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When blood moves from an atrium to a ventricle, it must pass through a
______.
a. | one-way valve | c. | semilunar valve | b. | murmur | d. | lymph node |
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29.
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______, the liquid part of blood, is mostly made of water.
a. | Hemoglobin | c. | Plasma | b. | Lymph | d. | Platelets |
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30.
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Hemoglobin picks up ______.
a. | carbon dioxide and oxygen | b. | carbon dioxide and wastes | c. | nutrients and carbon
dioxide | d. | oxygen and wastes |
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31.
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______ help clot blood.
a. | Lymph nodes | c. | Red blood cells | b. | Platelets | d. | White blood
cells |
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32.
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______ is the water and dissolved substances not taken in by cells that remains
between the cells.
a. | Hemoglobin | c. | Plasma | b. | Lymph | d. | Thymus |
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33.
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Anemia is a disorder where there are too few ______ in the blood.
a. | lymphocytes | c. | red blood cells | b. | platelets | d. | white blood
cells |
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34.
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Leukemia is a disease in which ______ are produced in great numbers.
a. | lymphocytes | c. | red blood cells | b. | platelets | d. | white blood
cells |
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35.
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The ______ fight bacteria and viruses.
a. | platelets | c. | red blood cells | b. | hemoglobin molecules | d. | white blood
cells |
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36.
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______ diseases are spread by water, air, food, contact, and by
organisms.
a. | Infectious | c. | Noninfectious | b. | Antibody | d. | Lister |
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37.
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______, an English surgeon, recognized the relationship between the death rate
and the degree of cleanliness in surgery in the 1800s.
a. | Jenner | c. | Lister | b. | Koch | d. | Salk |
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38.
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All of the following are true of allergies EXCEPT ______.
a. | dust is an allergen for some | b. | reactions include watery
eyes | c. | most reactions are not serious | d. | body produces
antihistamines |
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39.
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All of the following are true of immunities EXCEPT ______.
a. | newborns have passive immunity | b. | immunities build as you grow
older | c. | vaccines create active immunities | d. | passive immunity lasts many
years |
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40.
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All of the following are true of cancer EXCEPT ______.
a. | it results from uncontrolled cell growth | b. | cancer cells do not
function normally | c. | its cells travel in the
body | d. | a disease since the eighteenth century |
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41.
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All of the following are true of HIV EXCEPT ______.
a. | it’s a bacterium that lives in blood | b. | victims of it often
die of pneumonia | c. | it can be transmitted by sexual contact | d. | it breaks down the
immune system |
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Matching
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Match each item with the correct statement below. Some items may not
be used. a. | recombinant DNA | h. | incomplete
dominance | b. | dominant | i. | pedigree | c. | genetics | j. | phenotype | d. | genotype | k. | polygenic inheritance | e. | heredity | l. | probability | f. | heterozygous | m. | recessive | g. | gene therapy | n. | sex-linked gene |
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42.
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passing of traits from one generation to another
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43.
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inserting DNA into bacteria
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44.
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study of inheritance
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45.
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an allele inherited on a sex chromosome
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46.
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a trait that is hidden
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47.
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the chance that an event will take place
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48.
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genetic makeup of an organism
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49.
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a normal allele is placed into a virus
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50.
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physical appearance resulting from genotype
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51.
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both alleles are expressed in offspring
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52.
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more than one set of genes controls a trait
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Match each item with the correct statement below. Some items may not be
used. a. | evolution | f. | natural selection | b. | fossil | g. | punctuated equilibrium | c. | gradualism | h. | species | d. | hominid | i. | variation | e. | homologous | j. | vestigial structure |
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53.
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body part with no apparent function
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54.
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change in hereditary features over time
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55.
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model of evolution showing rapid change
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56.
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group of organisms whose members look alike and successfully reproduce
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57.
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remains of life from another time
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58.
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shares common characteristics with gorillas
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59.
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body part similar in origin and structure
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60.
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model of evolution showing slow change
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | Homo habilis | c. | Neanderthal | b. | Cro-Magnon | d. | Australopithecus |
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61.
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lived in South Africa 2.9 to 3.4 million years ago
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62.
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lived in East Africa 1.5 to 2 million years ago
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63.
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lived in family groups in caves in Africa 125,000 to 35,000 years ago
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64.
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lived in Europe, Asia, and Australia in art-decorated caves 40,000 to 10,000
years ago
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