Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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Phylogeny tells ______.
a. | how an organism is different from other organisms | b. | how an organism has
changed over time | c. | how an organism received its two-part
scientific name | d. | how Linnaeus started binomial nomenclature |
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2.
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The smallest group in the classification system used today is called a
______.
a. | family | c. | kingdom | b. | genus | d. | species |
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3.
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Linnaeus developed a system of grouping organisms that was accepted by most
scientists. He grouped organisms with ______ together.
a. | dichotomous keys | c. | similar fossils | b. | similar structures | d. | similar hereditary
information |
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4.
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Organisms that can mate and produce fertile offspring belong to the same
______.
a. | species | c. | kingdom | b. | genus | d. | domain |
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5.
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All of these are characteristic of living things EXCEPT ______.
a. | homeostasis | c. | reproduction | b. | movement | d. | responds to
stimuli |
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6.
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Rough endoplasmic reticulum has ______ attached to it.
a. | ribosomes | c. | chloroplasts | b. | Golgi bodies | d. | lysosomes |
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7.
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All of these are ways to prevent viral infections EXCEPT ______.
a. | vaccines | b. | good sanitary conditions | c. | antibiotics | d. | controlling animals that spread the
disease |
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8.
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When you receive a vaccine, your body produces ______ to help fight the
infection.
a. | weakened viruses | c. | Golgi bodies | b. | interferons | d. | antibiotics |
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9.
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When an organism regulates its internal environment it is ______.
a. | growing into an adult organism | b. | reproducing | c. | responding to its
external environment | d. | maintaining
homeostasis |
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10.
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A group of cells that work together to do one job is called a(n) ______.
a. | organ system | c. | tissue | b. | one-celled organism | d. | organ |
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11.
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Your heart is an example of a(n) ______.
a. | tissue | c. | cell | b. | organ | d. | organ system |
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12.
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Latent viruses do all of these EXCEPT ______.
a. | destroy the host cell immediately | b. | make copies of their hereditary material as the
host cell reproduces | c. | enter a host cell by means of its cell
membrane | d. | insert their hereditary material into the hereditary material of its host
cell |
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13.
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An atom’s nucleus contains ______.
a. | neutrons only | c. | neutrons, protons, and electrons | b. | protons and
electrons | d. | protons and
neutrons |
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14.
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A chemical formula shows the kind and number of atoms that form a ______.
a. | compound | c. | solution | b. | mixture | d. | suspension |
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15.
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Organic compounds that store important coded information in cells are
______.
a. | carbohydrates | c. | nucleic acids | b. | lipids | d. | water molecules |
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16.
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The function of the selectively permeable cell ______ is to allow some things to
pass through it, but not others.
a. | cytoplasm | c. | nucleus | b. | membrane | d. | wall |
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17.
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Bacteria are taken into cells by ______.
a. | diffusion | c. | exocytosis | b. | endocytosis | d. | osmosis |
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18.
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Organic compounds are compounds that always contain ______.
a. | carbon | c. | nitrogen | b. | calcium | d. | oxygen |
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19.
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______ are organic compounds made of sugars or starches.
a. | Carbohydrates | c. | Lipids | b. | Enzymes | d. | Nucleic acids |
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20.
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______ are organic compounds that store energy.
a. | Enzymes | c. | Nucleic acids | b. | Lipids | d. | Proteins |
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21.
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In a(n) ______, substances mix evenly with other substances.
a. | inorganic compound | c. | solution | b. | organic compound | d. | suspension |
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22.
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The movement of large molecules through the cell membrane out of the cell is
called ______.
a. | endocytosis | c. | homeostasis | b. | exocytosis | d. | osmosis |
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23.
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If the movement of molecules requires energy, it is ______.
a. | active transport | c. | osmosis | b. | diffusion | d. | passive
transport |
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24.
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______ is a process that releases energy when oxygen is insufficient.
a. | Photosynthesis | c. | Fermentati | b. | Equilibrium | d. | Metabolization |
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25.
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______ are organisms that can’t make food.
a. | Plants | c. | Consumers | b. | Enzymes | d. | Producers |
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26.
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Producers use light energy to make ______.
a. | chlorophyll | c. | proteins | b. | glucose | d. | starch |
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27.
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Most of the life of any cell is spent in a period of cell growth and development
called ______
a. | interphase | c. | prophase | b. | metaphase | d. | telophase |
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28.
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All of the following are true of animals and plant cells during mitosis EXCEPT
______.
a. | only animals have spindle fibers | b. | only plants have rigid cells
walls | c. | only plants form cell plates | d. | only animals have
centrioles |
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29.
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All of the following are composed of body cells EXCEPT ______.
a. | bone | c. | liver | b. | kidney | d. | sperm |
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30.
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Each human skin cell has ______ pairs of chromosomes.
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31.
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Human sex cells have ______ individual chromosomes.
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32.
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In sexual reproduction, a new organism is produced when ______.
a. | cells divide by mitosis | b. | sex cells combine | c. | an organism divides
into two equal parts | d. | a new organism grows from the body of its
parent |
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33.
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By ______, a new organism can grow from just a part of the parent
organism.
a. | fission | c. | regeneration | b. | meiosis | d. | sexual union |
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34.
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In ______, a new organism grows from the body of the parent organism.
a. | budding | c. | regeneration | b. | fission | d. | sexual union |
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35.
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The number of chromosomes in a sex cell of an organism is its ______ chromosome
number.
a. | one | c. | RNA | b. | haploid | d. | zygote |
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36.
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Meiosis consists of ______ division(s) of the nucleus.
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37.
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At the end of meiosis, ______ cells have been produced from one cell.
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38.
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Proteins are made of units called ______, which are linked together in a
specific order.
a. | amino acids | c. | centromeres | b. | centrioles | d. | ribosomes |
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39.
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The code for making proteins is carried to the ribosomes by ______.
a. | tRNA | c. | mRNA | b. | DNA | d. | thymine |
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40.
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In DNA, adenine always pairs with ______.
a. | cytosine | c. | thymine | b. | guanine | d. | uracil |
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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Select the term from the following list that matches each
description.
active transport | energy | enzyme | inorganic compound | consumer | equilibrium | metabolism | diffusion | mixture | exocytosis | matter | Endocytosis | fermentation | | passive transport | producer | organic compound | osmosis | | | | | | | | |
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41.
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movement of molecules without the input of energy ____________________
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42.
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passive transport of water by diffusion ____________________
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43.
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protein binds to a particle and uses energy to move through the cell membrane
____________________
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44.
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condition in which molecules of a substance are spread evenly throughout a space
____________________
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45.
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an organism that makes its own food ____________________
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46.
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a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction ____________________
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47.
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a process by which vesicles release their contents outside the cell
____________________
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48.
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all of the activities that occur within the cells of an organism
____________________
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49.
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movement of molecules from an area of more molecules to an area of less
molecules ____________________
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50.
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an organism that can’t make its own food ____________________
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51.
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compound containing carbon and hydrogen and is associated with living things
____________________
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52.
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process that releases energy without using oxygen ____________________
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53.
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a substance made of elements other than carbon ____________________
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54.
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process of taking substances into a cell by surrounding it with the cell
membrane ____________________
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55.
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combination of substances in which each substance retains its own properties
____________________
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56.
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has mass and takes up space ____________________
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57.
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the ability to cause change ____________________
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Identify the following examples as a compound or a
mixture.
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58.
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glucose ____________________
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59.
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blood ____________________
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Identify the following examples as organic or
inorganic.
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60.
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water ____________________
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61.
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cellulose ____________________
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62.
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calcium ____________________
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63.
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chlorophyll ____________________
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64.
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carbon dioxide ____________________
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65.
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DNA ____________________
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Identify the following as part of active transport or
passive transport.
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66.
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mineral movement into plant root ____________________
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67.
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osmosis ____________________
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68.
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carrier proteins ____________________
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69.
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diffusion ____________________
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Choose P if the item describes photosynthesis or R
if it describes respiration.
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70.
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carbon dioxide is waste ____________________
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71.
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occurs in mitochondria ____________________
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72.
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oxygen given off ____________________
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73.
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makes glucose from CO2 ____________________
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74.
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uses light energy ____________________
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75.
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uses chlorophyll ____________________
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Name the steps of mitosis described below.
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76.
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nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear, spindle fibers and centrioles appear
____________________
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77.
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duplicated chromosomes (pairs of chromatids) line up in the center of the cell
and attach to spindle fibers at centromere ____________________
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78.
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centromere divides, chromatids split and identical chromosomes move to opposite
ends of cell. ____________________
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79.
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spindle fibers disappear, new nucleus forms at each end of the cell
____________________
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Matching
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Match the each term with its description below a. | cell wall | g. | organism | b. | mitochondrion | h. | endoplasmic reticulum | c. | host
cell | i. | chloroplast | d. | ribosome | j. | cytoplasm | e. | cell
membrane | k. | nucleus | f. | active virus | l. | Golgi body |
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80.
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directs all cellular activities
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81.
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makes proteins
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82.
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protects a cell and gives it its shape
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83.
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uses light energy to make a sugar
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84.
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where energy is released when food is broken down into carbon dioxide and
water
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85.
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sorts and packages materials and moves them out of the cell
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86.
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process materials and move them around inside the cell
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87.
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regulates interactions between the cell and its environment
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88.
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makes copies of viral DNA
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89.
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causes the host to produce new viruses like itself
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90.
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needs a place to live, a food source, and water
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91.
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constantly flows inside the cell
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Match each characteristic of life with the corresponding observation below.
Some items may be used more than once. a. | Living things grow and
develop. | d. | Living things use energy. | b. | Living things respond. | e. | Living things are
organized. | c. | Living things maintain homeostasis. | f. | Living things
reproduce. |
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92.
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The fish in the classroom aquarium have baby fish.
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93.
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Your neighbor’s puppy has grown into a large dog.
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94.
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Under a microscope, a piece of onion looks like it is made up of many
boxes.
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95.
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Your friend has two brothers and a sister.
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96.
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You get bumpy skin and shiver when you are cold.
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97.
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All living things are made of cells.
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98.
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After being in the dark, it takes a moment for your eyes to adjust to a bright
light.
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99.
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Without sunlight, a plant will eventually die.
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Match the term with the correct description. Some items may not be
used. a. | active transport | h. | metabolism | b. | diffusion | i. | mixture | c. | endocytosis | j. | organic compound | d. | enzyme | k. | osmosis | e. | exocytosis | l. | passive transport | f. | fermentation | m. | producer | g. | inorganic
compound |
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100.
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the total of all chemical reactions in an organism
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101.
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an organism that makes its own food
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102.
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movement of molecules from an area where there are many to an area where there
are few
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103.
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compound that does not contain carbon
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104.
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a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction in a cell
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105.
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passive transport of water by diffusion
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106.
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when the contents of a vesicle are released by the cell
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107.
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movement of substances without the use of energy
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108.
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large molecules are surrounded by the cell membrane and enter the cell
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109.
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a combination of substances; each substance keeps its identity
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Match the term with the correct description. a. | active transport | e. | producer | b. | neutron | f. | proton | c. | diffusion | g. | solution | d. | electron | h. | suspension |
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110.
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particle with a negative charge
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111.
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particle with a positive charge
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112.
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particle with no charge
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113.
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salt and water mixture
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114.
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blood
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115.
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plant that contains chlorophyll
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116.
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movement of minerals into plant root cells
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117.
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dispersal of air freshener throughout a room
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | asexual reproduction | h. | meiosis | b. | chromosomes | i. | mitosis | c. | DNA | j. | mutation | d. | egg | k. | RNA | e. | fertilization | l. | sexual reproduction | f. | gene | m. | zygote | g. | sperm |
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118.
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reproduction in which a new organism is produced when sex cells combine
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119.
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cell that forms in fertilization
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120.
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the joining of an egg and a sperm
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121.
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a nucleic acid which carries the code for making proteins from the nucleus to
the ribosomes
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122.
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structures in the nucleus that contain hereditary material
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123.
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formation of two nuclei with identical chromosomes
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124.
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nuclear division that forms sex cells
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125.
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coded instructions that control cell activity
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126.
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segment of DNA controlling production of one protein
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127.
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any permanent change in genetic material of a cell
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Match each item with the correct statement below. Each type of
reproduction may be used more than once.
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128.
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used to make body cells
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129.
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used to make sex cells
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130.
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produces new cells with each having half as many chromosomes as the original
cell
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131.
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occurs in both plants and animals
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132.
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has eight steps in cell division
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133.
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has four steps in cell division
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