True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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1.
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The liver is one of major organs of the digestive tract.
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2.
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The large intestine is up to 7 meters long.
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3.
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Some vitamins are made by your body.
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4.
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In order to get the nutrients you need, you should eat a variety of
foods.
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5.
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Breathing is the movement of the chest that brings air into the lungs and
removes waste gases.
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6.
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When you exhale, oxygen waste is removed.
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7.
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The excretory system functions as a part of the urinary system.
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8.
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After blood has been filtered in the kidneys, the wastewater, or urine, moves
through renal arteries to the bladder.
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9.
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The bladder is an elastic, muscular organ that holds urine until it leaves the
body.
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10.
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A person cannot live with only one kidney.
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11.
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Gasoline is not made from natural resources.
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12.
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Gasoline does not contribute to air pollution.
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13.
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Aluminum, like other metals, is a nonrenewable resource.
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14.
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Plastic can be recycled to make other products.
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15.
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The most reliable source of energy for life on Earth is the Sun.
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Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
statement true.
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16.
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Thousands of cells rub off your epidermis every time you take a shower.
_________________________
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17.
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The more melanin that is present in skin, the lighter the skin color is.
_________________________
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18.
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One of the skin’s major functions is to produce vitamin D.
_________________________
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19.
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When the skin is damaged, the epidermis produces new cells and the dermis
repairs tears. _________________________
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20.
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A cut forms when tiny blood vessels burst under unbroken skin.
_________________________
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21.
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All striated muscles are voluntary. _________________________
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22.
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Your bones, muscles, and joints work together like a pulley.
_________________________
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23.
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When you move, one muscle contracts and the other one relaxes.
_________________________
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24.
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Blood vessels and nerves are found in bones.
_________________________
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25.
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Humans have more bones as adults than they did at birth.
_________________________
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26.
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Impulses can move in any direction. _________________________
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27.
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The peripheral nervous system includes all spinal nerves that carry
impulses from all the parts of the body to the brain. _________________________
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28.
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When light enters the eye, it passes through the cornea and is reflected.
_________________________
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29.
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In order to taste a food, it must first be dissolved in water.
_________________________
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30.
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A drug that slows the activities of the central nervous system is a
depressant. _________________________
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31.
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Environmental factors in an ecosystem include abiotic factors.
_________________________
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32.
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Water is used in the body for cell fluids.
_________________________
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33.
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The biosphere includes only a small part of Earth.
_________________________
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34.
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As water vapor heats up it turns into water droplets.
_________________________
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35.
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Nitrogen is an element used by organisms to make fats and nucleic acids.
_________________________
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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36.
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_____ is the process by which food is broken down so that nutrients can be used
by the body.
a. | Absorption | c. | Elimination | b. | Digestion | d. | Ingestion |
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37.
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Chemical digestion would not be possible without _____ that speed up the rate of
chemical reactions in your body.
a. | enzymes | c. | nutrients | b. | molecules | d. | vitamins |
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38.
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Chewing is an example of _____.
a. | absorption | c. | elimination | b. | chemical digestion | d. | mechanical
digestion |
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39.
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Which of the following is not an accessory organ in the digestive
system?
a. | gallbladder | c. | salivary glands | b. | pancreas | d. | rectum |
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40.
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Which accessory organ is important to mechanical digestion?
a. | liver | c. | gallbladder | b. | pancreas | d. | teeth |
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41.
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Which substance in the mouth contains enzymes that help break down food?
a. | esophagus | c. | teeth | b. | saliva | d. | tongue |
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42.
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What type of digestion takes place in the mouth?
a. | chemical | c. | both | b. | mechanical | d. | neither |
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43.
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What type of digestion takes place in the esophagus?
a. | chemical | c. | both | b. | mechanical | d. | neither |
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44.
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The stomach produces _____, a substance that protects the stomach from strong,
digestive solutions like acids.
a. | bile | c. | mucus | b. | chyme | d. | saliva |
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45.
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Food is changed into chyme in the _____.
a. | esophagus | c. | liver | b. | large intestine | d. | stomach |
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46.
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Waves of muscle contractions, called _____, move food through the entire
digestive tract.
a. | homeostasis | c. | saliva | b. | peristalsis | d. | villi |
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47.
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Most digestion takes place in the _____.
a. | large intestine | c. | small intestine | b. | mouth | d. | stomach |
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48.
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Nutrients are absorbed into blood vessels through _____ in the small
intestine.
a. | bacteria | c. | insulin | b. | glands | d. | villi |
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49.
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Bacteria living in the _____ produce vitamins and break down materials.
a. | large intestine | c. | small intestine | b. | liver | d. | stomach |
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50.
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Organic nutrients are nutrients that contain _____.
a. | amino acids | c. | oxygen | b. | carbon | d. | vitamins |
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51.
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Which of the following nutrients needs to be digested?
a. | minerals | c. | vitamins | b. | proteins | d. | water |
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52.
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A molecule of _____ is made of building blocks called amino acids.
a. | carbohydrate | c. | protein | b. | fat | d. | water |
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53.
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_____ are the main sources of energy for your body.
a. | Carbohydrates | c. | Vitamins | b. | Minerals | d. | Water |
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54.
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Which of the following nutrients is used for replacement and repair of body
cells and for growth?
a. | carbohydrates | c. | minerals | b. | proteins | d. | vitamins |
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55.
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Besides calcium, which of the following minerals is used in the largest
amounts?
a. | copper | c. | potassium | b. | phosphorus | d. | sodium |
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56.
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Which of these nutrients is the most important factor to survival?
a. | carbohydrates | c. | vitamins | b. | proteins | d. | water |
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57.
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The main function of the respiratory system is to bring oxygen into the body and
remove _____.
a. | carbon dioxide | c. | glucose | b. | dust | d. | oxygen |
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58.
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Vocal cords are found in your _____.
a. | bronchi | c. | pharynx | b. | larynx | d. | trachea |
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59.
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The _____ is a tubelike passageway for food, liquids, and air.
a. | epiglottis | c. | pharynx | b. | nostril | d. | trachea |
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60.
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_____ is the chemical reaction in cells that needs oxygen to release
energy and produces carbon dioxide and water as wastes.
a. | Breathing | c. | Inhaling | b. | Exhaling | d. | Respiration |
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61.
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Lungs are masses of _____, grapelike clusters of tiny sacs.
a. | alveoli | c. | cilia | b. | bronchioles | d. | hemoglobin |
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62.
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The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place between the alveoli and
capillaries in the _____.
a. | bronchi | c. | lungs | b. | larynx | d. | trachea |
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63.
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When carbon dioxide and other cellular wastes leave the body, they are carried
by _____ from the body’s cells and into the lungs.
a. | blood | c. | capillaries | b. | bronchioles | d. | hemoglobin |
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64.
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Asthma, emphysema, and lung cancer would be considered _____ diseases.
a. | digestive | c. | respiratory | b. | excretory | d. | skeletal |
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65.
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Which of the following functions does the urinary system perform?
a. | It removes wastes from the blood. | b. | It balances the amounts of salts and water in
the body. | c. | It controls blood volume by removing excess water produced by body
cells. | d. | All of these. |
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66.
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Two bean-shaped _____ are the major organs of the urinary system.
a. | aortas | c. | kidneys | b. | bladders | d. | nephrons |
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67.
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In approximately _____, all of the blood in your body passes through the
kidneys.
a. | 5 minutes | c. | 1 hour | b. | 30 minutes | d. | 12 hours |
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68.
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Kidneys are made of many _____ that filter water, sugar, salt, and wastes from
the blood.
a. | nephrons | c. | ureters | b. | neurons | d. | veins |
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69.
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Which of the following correctly describes the movement of wastes through the
urinary system?
a. | Kidneys -> Bladder -> Ureter -> Urethra | b. | Kidneys -> Ureter
-> Urethra -> Bladder | c. | Urethra -> Ureter -> Bladder ->
Kidneys | d. | Kidneys -> Ureter -> Bladder -> Urethra |
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70.
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When full, the bladder looks like a _____.
a. | inflated balloon | c. | small bean | b. | long, thin tube | d. | teacup |
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71.
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If both kidneys fail, blood can filtered by an artificial kidney machine in a
process called _____.
a. | dialysis | c. | excretion | b. | digestion | d. | homeostasis |
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72.
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Your _____ is the largest organ of your body.
a. | brain | c. | large intestine | b. | heart | d. | skin |
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73.
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The _____ is the outer, thinnest layer of your skin.
a. | epidermis | c. | fatty layer | b. | dermis | d. | hair |
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74.
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Which of the following is not found in the dermis?
a. | blood vessels | c. | oil and sweat glands | b. | nerves | d. | bones |
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75.
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You can feel the prick of a pin because specialized nerve cells in the skin rely
information to your _____.
a. | brain | c. | pin | b. | finger | d. | spinal cord |
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76.
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Blood vessels help regulate your body’s temperature. When it’s hot,
your blood vessels _____ to increase blood flow and release heat.
a. | boil | c. | cool down | b. | constrict | d. | expand |
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77.
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One of the purposes of sweat glands is to release waste products, such as water
and _____.
a. | blood | c. | sugar | b. | dirt | d. | salt |
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78.
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The main function of the muscle is to _____.
a. | digest food | c. | regulate body temperature | b. | move bones and body
parts | d. | support the
body |
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79.
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Which of the following muscles are voluntary?
a. | cardiac | c. | smooth | b. | skeletal | d. | none |
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80.
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_____ muscles would not appear striped if viewed under a
microscope.
a. | Cardiac | c. | Smooth | b. | Skeletal | d. | Voluntary |
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81.
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The _____ muscle contracts about 70 times per minute.
a. | cardiac | c. | smooth | b. | skeletal | d. | none of the
above |
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82.
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The body’s muscles, bones, and joints work together like a lever. Which
body part provides the force?
a. | bones | c. | load | b. | joints | d. | muscles |
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83.
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Spongy bone has many small, open spaces that make bones _____.
a. | hard | c. | lightweight | b. | flexible | d. | strong |
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84.
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Red blood cells are produced in _____ in the bone.
a. | cartilage | c. | red marrow | b. | periosteum | d. | yellow marrow |
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85.
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Which of the following correctly describes how an impulse moves through a
neuron?
a. | Dendrite -> Cell body -> Axon | b. | Axon -> Cell body ->
Dendrite | c. | Cell body -> Dendrite -> Axon | d. | Sensory neuron -> Interneuron -> Motor
neuron |
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86.
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An impulse moves from one neuron to another by crossing a small space called a
_____.
a. | chemical | c. | receptor | b. | dendrite | d. | synapse |
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87.
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The _____ nervous system includes the brain and the spinal cord.
a. | autonomic | c. | cranial | b. | central | d. | peripheral |
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88.
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The somatic system controls actions such as _____.
a. | breathing | c. | digestion | b. | clapping | d. | heart rate |
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89.
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Reflex responses are controlled in your _____.
a. | brain | c. | receptors | b. | muscles | d. | spinal cord |
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90.
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The _____ is the structure in the ear responsible for maintaining
balance.
a. | anvil | c. | outer ear | b. | middle ear | d. | semicircular
canals |
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91.
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The sensory receptors for smell are _____.
a. | olfactory cells | c. | rods and cones | b. | taste buds | d. | hairs in the
cochlea |
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92.
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To which type of stimulus do your taste buds respond?
a. | chemicals | c. | light | b. | heat | d. | sound waves |
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93.
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Which sense is closely tied to smell?
a. | hearing | c. | touch | b. | taste | d. | vision |
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94.
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Which of the following is a depressant?
a. | alcohol | c. | cocoa | b. | chocolate | d. | soft drinks |
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95.
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One job of the ____ gland is to secrete hormones that begin the production of
eggs and sperm.
a. | adrenal | c. | thyroid | b. | pituitary | d. | hypothalamus |
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96.
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The ____ gland produces melatonin, a hormone that may regulate wake/sleep
patterns.
a. | pineal | c. | adrenal | b. | pituitary | d. | thyroid |
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97.
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The developing embryo receives nutrients and oxygen from the mother's
____.
a. | ovaries | c. | blood | b. | oviduct | d. | lymph |
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98.
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How long does a human baby develop inside its mother?
a. | six months | c. | nine months | b. | one year | d. | eight months |
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99.
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What occurs in a woman's body during a menstrual cycle?
a. | egg matures in the ovary | c. | egg releases from
ovary | b. | buildup of the uterine lining | d. | all of the
above |
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100.
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Hormones produced by the ____ gland cause changes in the body during
puberty.
a. | thyroid | c. | pituitary | b. | thymus | d. | none of the
above |
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101.
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Fertilization usually takes place in the ____.
a. | uterus | c. | ovary | b. | oviduct | d. | vagina |
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102.
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After fertilization, the zygote divides and is implanted in the ____.
a. | uterus | c. | ovary | b. | oviduct | d. | vagina |
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103.
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Adolescence usually begins around ages ____.
a. | 8 | c. | 10 or 11 | b. | 12 or 13 | d. | 16 |
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104.
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Identical twins have the same set of ____.
a. | cells | c. | organs | b. | genes | d. | tissues |
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105.
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When two eggs are released and fertilized, what kind of twins are born?
a. | fraternal | c. | similar | b. | identical | d. | sibling |
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106.
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Of the following, which is NOT a vascular plant?
a. | moss | c. | fern | b. | pine tree | d. | horsetail |
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107.
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Ancient seedless plants compacted and eventually turned into the ____ we use
today.
a. | coal | c. | minerals | b. | oil | d. | rubber |
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108.
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Of following, which is NOT an adaptation plants made to life on land?
a. | cell walls | c. | more complex reproduction | b. | a
cuticle | d. | cell
membrane |
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109.
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Of the following, which is NOT a characteristics of plants?
a. | have cell walls | c. | range in height | b. | have roots | d. | live only on
land |
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110.
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Scientists think that plants evolved directly from ____.
a. | animals | c. | bacteria | b. | mosses | d. | green algae |
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111.
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Nonvascular plants include ____.
a. | ferns and horsetails | c. | liverworts and ferns | b. | horsetails and mosses | d. | mosses and
liverworts |
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112.
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Nonvascular plants have all of the following EXCEPT ____.
a. | flowers | c. | spores | b. | rhizoids | d. | cell walls |
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113.
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Moss plants are held in place by threadlike structures called ____.
a. | dicots | c. | guard cells | b. | rhizoids | d. | vascular tissue |
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114.
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The first plants to grow in new environments are usually ____.
a. | ferns and horsetails | c. | liverworts and mosses | b. | grasses | d. | mosses and ferns |
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115.
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Ferns are the most abundant of the ____ plants.
a. | gymnosperm | c. | nonvascular | b. | seedless vascular | d. | vascular |
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116.
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____ have unique, jointed stem structures.
a. | Club mosses | c. | Horsetails | b. | Ferns | d. | Spike mosses |
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117.
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Peat is actually the earliest stage of ____.
a. | coal | c. | petroleum | b. | natural gas | d. | petrified wood |
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118.
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The oldest trees alive are the ____.
a. | angiosperms | c. | monocots | b. | gymnosperms | d. | dicots |
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119.
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____ is a chemical compound that forms tangled fibers in the cell walls of
plants.
a. | Stomata | c. | Cellulose | b. | Cambium | d. | Cuticle |
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120.
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Of the following, which is NOT an example of a seed plant?
a. | peanuts | c. | oranges | b. | peat moss | d. | wheat |
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121.
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The most common type of plants on Earth is ____.
a. | angiosperms | c. | nonvascular plants | b. | gymnosperms | d. | seedless vascular
plants |
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122.
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Roots have all of the following functions EXCEPT to ____.
a. | anchor the plant | c. | store food | b. | absorb water | d. | make food |
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123.
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Stems have all of these functions EXCEPT ____.
a. | storing food and water | b. | absorbing soil nutrients | c. | supporting the
plant | d. | moving materials between leaves and roots |
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124.
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The major function of leaves is to ____.
a. | make food | c. | transport | b. | store food | d. | absorb
nutrients |
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125.
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Of the following, which is NOT a gymnosperm?
a. | gingoes | c. | flowering plants | b. | cycads | d. | conifers |
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126.
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Which of the following is a biotic factor?
a. | sunlight | c. | water | b. | worms | d. | climate |
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127.
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Decaying matter found in soil is called ____.
a. | humus | c. | abiotic | b. | nitrogen | d. | photosynthesis |
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128.
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Carbon ____ through the carbon cycle.
a. | increases in quantity | c. | follows various paths | b. | decreases in
quantity | d. | follows a single
path |
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129.
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Which of the following eats consumers?
a. | carnivore | c. | bacteria | b. | herbivore | d. | fungi |
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130.
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Nitrogen is used by ____.
a. | plants | c. | both a and b | b. | animals | d. | neither a and b |
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131.
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Which is a more complete model of feeding relationships?
a. | protein building | c. | food web | b. | food map | d. | food chain |
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132.
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As you move from level to level in an energy pyramid, energy ____.
a. | decreases | c. | stays at the same level | b. | increases | d. | is destroyed |
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133.
|
The part of Earth that supports life is a(n) ____.
a. | biome | c. | biosphere | b. | ecosystem | d. | organism |
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134.
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Which is a single individual from a population?
a. | organism | c. | community | b. | ecosystem | d. | niche |
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135.
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The number of individuals in a population is the population's ____.
a. | carrying capacity | c. | density | b. | size | d. | spacing |
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136.
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Population ____ can be even, random, or clumped together.
a. | carrying capacity | c. | density | b. | size | d. | spacing |
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137.
|
Drought, fewer plants, and fewer nesting sites are examples of ____
factors.
a. | biotic | c. | limiting | b. | abiotic | d. | carrying |
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138.
|
Which of the following would help conserve natural resources?
a. | using solar panels | b. | recycling plastic bottles | c. | ridding the
environment of harmful pollutants | d. | all of the
above |
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139.
|
Which of these sources of energy is NOT renewable?
a. | wind | c. | hydroelectric power | b. | solar power | d. | natural gas |
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140.
|
Air can be polluted by ____.
a. | tiny particles of soot | c. | sulfuric acid | b. | carbon monoxide | d. | all of the
above |
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141.
|
Of the following, which is a natural resource?
a. | minerals | c. | energy | b. | water | d. | all of the
above |
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142.
|
Which of the following can cause acid precipitation?
a. | the use of solar panels | c. | the use of coal | b. | the use of
hydroelectricity | d. | all of the
above |
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143.
|
Of the following, which is a nonrenewable natural resource?
a. | phosphorus | c. | cotton | b. | wood | d. | water |
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144.
|
Of the following, which is a renewable energy resource?
a. | coal | c. | geothermal energy | b. | kerosene | d. | natural gas |
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145.
|
Of the following, which helps conserve natural resources?
a. | using a cloth shopping bag instead of a paper bag | b. | riding your bike on
short trips around town | c. | planting trees in your front
yard | d. | all of the above |
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146.
|
All of the following are fossil fuels EXCEPT ____.
a. | natural gas | c. | oil | b. | coal | d. | wood |
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147.
|
Minerals that recycle extremely slowly are ____.
a. | fossil fuels | c. | renewable resources | b. | nonrenewable resources | d. | all hazardous
wastes |
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148.
|
Most air pollution results from ____.
a. | the burning of fossil fuels | b. | nuclear energy use | c. | volcanic
eruptions | d. | the evaporation of chemicals such as paints and dry-cleaning
fluid |
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149.
|
The three Rs of conservation are ____.
a. | reduce, reuse, recycle | c. | reuse, reclaim, return | b. | redo, recycle,
release | d. | reduce, reserve,
resave |
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150.
|
To produce hydroelectric power, ____ is needed.
a. | a fossil fuel | c. | Sun | b. | flowing water | d. | wind |
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151.
|
An advantage of nuclear energy is that ____.
a. | uranium is a nonrenewable resource | c. | it makes use of the
wind | b. | it does not contribute to air pollution | d. | it makes use of hot water from
geysers |
|