Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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All of the following are fossil fuels EXCEPT ______
a. | natural gas. | c. | petroleum. | b. | coal. | d. | wood. |
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2.
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Natural resources that are used up more quickly than they can be replaced are
______
a. | pollutants. | c. | renewable resources. | b. | nonrenewable resources. | d. | toxic wastes. |
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3.
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Ways of reducing smog include all the following EXCEPT ______
a. | taking trains. | c. | driving cars that burn gasoline. | b. | using
buses. | d. | driving electric
cars. |
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4.
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Over the past hundred years, more fossil fuels have burned than ever before,
raising the percentage of ______ in the atmosphere.
a. | carbon dioxide | c. | CFCs | b. | ozone | d. | radon |
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5.
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All of the following help preserve soil EXCEPT ______
a. | no-till farming. | c. | strip cropping. | b. | plowing. | d. | contour
plowing. |
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6.
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Wind power is a good power source in ______
a. | northern states. | c. | regions with not much open space. | b. | states with much
sunlight. | d. | regions with
frequent winds. |
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7.
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Used paper can be recycled into ______
a. | paper towels. | c. | newsprint. | b. | stationery. | d. | all of these. |
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8.
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To produce hydroelectric power, ______ is (are) needed.
a. | a fossil fuel | c. | Sun | b. | falling water | d. | all of these |
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9.
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______ are renewable resources.
a. | Trees | c. | Uranium deposits | b. | Oil deposits | d. | Fossil fuels |
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10.
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One drawback of photovoltaic cells is that they produce electricity only
______
a. | in winter. | c. | at night. | b. | when it is cloudy. | d. | during
daylight. |
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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11.
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____________________ can occur if a forest is cut down and the soil is left
bare.
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12.
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More harmful ultraviolet rays are reaching Earth’s surface because of
____________________.
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13.
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Water pollution can be caused by pesticides and ____________________ used on
farms.
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14.
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The ____________________ is the most reliable source of energy for life on
Earth.
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15.
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____________________ is a process that requires changing or reprocessing an
item.
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16.
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A rise in Earth’s temperature, possibly caused by an increase in
greenhouse gases, is known as ____________________.
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Classify the following examples as renewable or nonrenewable
resources.
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17.
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sunlight ____________________
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18.
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trees ____________________
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19.
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natural gas ____________________
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20.
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silver ____________________
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21.
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cotton ____________________
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22.
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wildlife ____________________
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Matching
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Match the term with the correct description below. a. | acid precipitation | h. | recycling | b. | renewable resources | i. | petroleum | c. | nonrenewable
resources | j. | geothermal
energy | d. | erosion | k. | hazardous wastes | e. | fossil fuels | l. | nuclear energy | f. | greenhouse
effect | m. | ozone
depletion | g. | natural resources | n. | pollutant |
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23.
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parts of the environment that are useful or necessary for the survival of
living organisms
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24.
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produced when billions of uranium nuclei are split apart in a nuclear fission
reaction
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25.
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reuse of a resource that requires changing or reprocessing the resource
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26.
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resources that are constantly recycled or replaced by nature
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27.
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waste materials that are very harmful to human health or poisonous to living
organisms
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28.
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mist, rain, snow, sleet, or hail with a pH below 5.6
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29.
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heat-trapping feature of the atmosphere
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30.
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formed from the remains of marine organisms
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31.
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nonrenewable energy sources
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32.
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natural resources that are used up more quickly than they can be
replaced
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33.
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heat energy contained in Earth’s crust
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34.
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movement of soil by wind and water
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35.
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thinning of Earth’s protective ozone layer
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36.
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substance that contaminates the environment
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Match each term with the correct description below. Some terms may not be
used. a. | nuclear | e. | geothermal | b. | photovoltaic (PV) cell | f. | fossil fuel | c. | hydroelectric | g. | renewable | d. | nonrenewable |
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37.
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Sunlight and water are examples of this type of resource.
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38.
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Diamonds and aluminum are examples of this type of resource.
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39.
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This device turns sunlight into electric currents.
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40.
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Coal and natural gas are examples of this kind of fuel.
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41.
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This kind of power is produced by the energy of flowing water.
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42.
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This kind of energy is available only where natural geysers or volcanoes are
found.
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Match the terms with the definitions below. a. | CFCs | f. | nonrenewable resources | b. | erosion | g. | acid precipitation | c. | greenhouse
effect | h. | renewable
resources | d. | hazardous waste | i. | photovoltaic cells | e. | natural resources | j. | smog |
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43.
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natural materials in the environment used by organisms for survival
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44.
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natural resources that are continually recycled or replaced by nature
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45.
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natural resources that are limited and that are replaced by nature only over
hundreds of million of years
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46.
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trapping of heat by atmospheric gases
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47.
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movement of soil by water or wind
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48.
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kind of pollution formed when sunlight reacts with pollutants from burning
fuels
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49.
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devices used by satellites and calculators to turn sunlight into
electricity
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50.
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pollutant gases that react chemically with ozone, causing ozone
depletion
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51.
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kind of pollution formed when air pollutants from the burning of fossil fuels
react with water in the atmosphere
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52.
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waste materials that are harmful to human health or poisonous to living
organisms
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Short Answer
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53.
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Discuss some of the possible effects of global warming.
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54.
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Describe actions that everyone can take to help the environment.
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Name an advantage and a disadvantage of each of the following forms of
energy.
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55.
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Wind power
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56.
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Nuclear power
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57.
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Water power
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Make a hypothesis about each of the following situations, and explain each
hypothesis.
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58.
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If the greenhouse effect increases, how might crops in northern areas be
affected?
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59.
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If the insect population in an area declined due to experiments with pesticides,
what other species might decline?
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State the effects that would result in the following situations.
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60.
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If a city passed a law outlawing passenger cars, what environmental result would
you expect to see?
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61.
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If a farming area allowed no pesticides, what are two effects you might
see?
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62.
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Briefly describe how natural resources are important to living organisms.
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63.
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Briefly describe three energy sources that are not fossil fuels.
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64.
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List three things made from nonrenewable resources that can be recycled.
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65.
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Name three alternative sources of energy to fossil fuels.
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66.
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List three things made from nonrenewable resources that can be recycled.
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Essay
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67.
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Explain what causes the greenhouse effect.
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68.
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Why are scientists concerned about ozone depletion?
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69.
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Discuss ways to improve environmental conditions on Earth.
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70.
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Explain how air pollution and land pollution can cause water pollution.
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