Matching
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Match each term with the correct definition. a. | atom | j. | matter | b. | atomic mass | k. | metals | c. | atomic
number | l. | metalloids | d. | compound | m. | mixtures | e. | electron | n. | neutron | f. | element | o. | nonmetals | g. | isotopes | p. | nucleus | h. | law of conservation of
matter | q. | proton | i. | mass number | r. | substance |
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1.
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weighted average mass of an element
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2.
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a sample of matter that has the same composition and properties
throughout
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3.
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states that matter is neither created nor destroyed, only changed in
form
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4.
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negatively charged subatomic particle
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5.
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positively charged central part of the atom
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6.
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positively charged particle in the nucleus of the atom
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7.
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uncharged particle in the nucleus of the atom
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8.
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elements that generally have a shiny or metallic luster
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9.
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matter made up of only one kind of atom
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10.
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tells you the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of an
element
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11.
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anything that has mass and takes up space
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12.
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atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
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13.
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the sum of an atom’s protons and neutrons
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14.
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a small particle that makes up most types of matter on Earth
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15.
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a pure substance whose smallest unit is made up of atoms of more than one
element
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16.
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formed when two or more substances come together but don’t combine to
form a new substance
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17.
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elements that are usually dull in appearance and poor conductors of heat and
electricity
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18.
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elements that have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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Choose the best of the three choices in parentheses.
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19.
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An element is made up of only one kind of ____________________ (isotope, atom,
plastic).
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20.
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The periodic table lists ____________________ (common molecules, compounds,
elements).
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21.
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Isotopes can have the same ____________________ (mass number, atomic number,
number of subatomic particles).
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22.
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Most elements are ____________________ (metals, nonmetals, metalloids).
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23.
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On the periodic table, metalloids are found ____________________ (on the left
side, on the right side, between the metals and nonmetals).
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24.
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A ____________________ (metal, metalloid, nonmetal) has no luster and is a poor
conductor.
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25.
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Many ____________________ (metals, metalloids, nonmetals) can conduct heat and
electricity, but they are not the best conductors.
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26.
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The ____________________ (metals, metalloids, nonmetals) all are malleable, have
luster, and are good conductors.
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27.
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The elements in a ____________________ (mixture, solution, compound) are always
combined in the same proportion by mass.
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28.
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The compound ammonia contains three atoms of hydrogen for every atom of
nitrogen, so the chemical formula for ammonia is ____________________ (NH3, N3H3, N3H).
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29.
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An example of a homogenous mixture is ____________________ (vegetable soup, air,
granite rock).
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30.
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A mixture is heterogenous if ____________________ (it is made of two compounds,
one of its parts is water, you can see its individual parts).
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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31.
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A(n) ____ is a particle in an atom with a positive charge.
a. | electron | c. | neutron | b. | isotope | d. | proton |
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32.
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Each of these is an example of matter EXCEPT ____.
a. | a cloud | c. | a dust particle | b. | a beam of light | d. | air |
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33.
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An atom of the element with atomic number 6 always has ____.
a. | six electron clouds | c. | six protons in its nucleus | b. | more than six
neutrons | d. | an atomic mass of
six |
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34.
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The atomic number of an element tells the number of ____ in the nucleus of an
atom of that element.
a. | neutrons | c. | protons | b. | electrons | d. | isotopes |
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35.
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Rutherford’s experiment showed that most of an atom is made up of
____.
a. | an electron cloud | c. | alpha particles | b. | a nucleus | d. | empty space |
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36.
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Isotopes of an element contain different numbers of ____.
a. | electrons | c. | protons | b. | neutrons | d. | energy levels |
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37.
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Water is an example of a(n) ____.
a. | compound | c. | homogeneous mixture | b. | heterogeneous mixture | d. | element |
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38.
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Most elements found on the left side of the periodic table are ____.
a. | metals | c. | brittle | b. | metalloids | d. | nonmetals |
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39.
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Air is an example of a ____.
a. | heterogeneous mixture | c. | substance | b. | compound | d. | homogeneous
mixture |
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40.
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____ developed a model called the atomic theory of matter.
a. | John Dalton | c. | Democritus | b. | Ernest Rutherford | d. | J. J. Thompson |
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41.
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During Chadwick’s experiments, streams of ____ were unaffected by an
electric field.
a. | alpha particles | c. | electrons | b. | neutrons | d. | protons |
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42.
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____ small particles that make up most types of matter on Earth.
a. | Compounds | c. | Mixtures | b. | Elements | d. | Atoms |
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43.
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Matter that is NOT considered to be a single substance is a(n) ____.
a. | compound | c. | mixture | b. | element | d. | isotope |
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44.
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A property NOT associated with metals is ____.
a. | electric conductivity | c. | shininess | b. | ductility | d. | brittleness |
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Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
statement true.
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45.
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Matter is anything that you can see and that takes up space.
_________________________
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46.
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Metalloids are elements that have characteristics of both metals and
nonmetals. _________________________
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47.
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J. J. Thompson’s experiments with cathode rays led to the discovery of the
neutron. _________________________
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48.
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A compound with the formula C6H12O6 is made up of three atoms.
_________________________
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49.
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Fruit salad is an example of a heterogeneous mixture.
_________________________
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Short Answer
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Classify the following by writing matter or not
matter.
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50.
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hydrogen
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51.
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a wish
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52.
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the sun
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53.
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any atom
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54.
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heat
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55.
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light
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56.
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Compare and contrast the properties of a homogeneous mixture, such as salt
water, and a heterogeneous mixture, such as muddy water.
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57.
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Compare and contrast the composition of a compound having the formula CO with
one having the formula CO2.
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Essay
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58.
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Thomson’s model of the atom pictured electrons embedded in a ball of
positive charge. Why did Rutherford’s gold-foil experiment lead to a change in this
model?
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59.
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Why is it impossible for the atomic number of an element to be greater than its
mass number?
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60.
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Suppose a new element with atomic number 120 is discovered. If some isotopes of
this element have 122 neutrons and some have 124 neutrons, what can you infer about the atomic mass
of the element? Explain your answer.
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61.
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Why can you write a formula for a compound but not for a mixture?
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