Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
statement true.
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1.
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Earth's inner core is composed mostly of solid copper.
_________________________
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2.
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At about 5,000°C, the inner core is the hottest part of Earth.
_________________________
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3.
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Earth's outer core is composed mostly of molten mercury.
_________________________
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4.
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The deeper the distance into the core of Earth, the lower the
temperature. _________________________
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5.
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Lava forms islands near the trench of oceanic-oceanic collisions.
_________________________
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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6.
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The inner core of Earth is ____.
a. | solid | c. | gas | b. | liquid | d. | lava |
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7.
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The largest layer of Earth's interior is the ____.
a. | inner core | c. | mantle | b. | outer core | d. | crust |
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8.
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Earth's outermost layer is the ____.
a. | inner core | c. | mantle | b. | outer core | d. | crust |
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9.
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Plates move apart because of ____, a pulling force acting on plates.
a. | volcanoes | c. | tension | b. | rifts | d. | faults |
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10.
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A mid-ocean ridge forms from ____ plates.
a. | sliding | c. | colliding | b. | separating | d. | volcanic |
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11.
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Sliding plates cause ____.
a. | earthquakes | c. | hurricanes | b. | holes | d. | fires |
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12.
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When a plate at a mid-ocean ridge responds to gravity by sliding down a slope,
it is called ____.
a. | ridge-push | c. | slab-pull | b. | slab-push | d. | ridge-pull |
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13.
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Mountains made of huge rocks separated from other rocks by faults are ____
mountains.
a. | folded | c. | upwarped | b. | fault-block | d. | volcanic |
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14.
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Tremendous pushing forces cause a squeezing of rock layers in ____
mountains.
a. | folded | c. | upwarped | b. | fault-block | d. | volcanic |
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15.
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____ acts on mountains to change their size, height, or surface.
a. | Slipping | c. | Sliding | b. | Erosion | d. | Shifting |
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16.
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When forces inside Earth push up the crust, ____ mountains form.
a. | folded | c. | upwarped | b. | fault-block | d. | volcanic |
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17.
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Volcanic mountains are formed by ____.
a. | lava | c. | folding | b. | gravity | d. | sliding |
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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18.
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Waves that carry energy through Earth's rocks are called
____________________ waves.
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19.
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Earth's core is divided into a ____________________ part and a solid
part.
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20.
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Earth's core is under great pressure due to ____________________.
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21.
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The Ouachita Mountains in Arkansas are now being ____________________ by
____________________ processes.
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22.
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Large fractures in rocks where movement occurs are ____________________.
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23.
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When plates ____________________, the tremendous force causes mountains to
form.
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24.
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____________________ is when one plate sinks beneath another plate.
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25.
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The opening of a volcano is called a ____________________.
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26.
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The principle of ____________________ states that Earth's crust and
lithosphere float on the upper part of the mantle.
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27.
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____________________ volcanoes are much larger and have more gently sloping
sides than subduction volcanoes.
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Matching
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Match each type of mountains to the examples below. You may use each type of
mountains more than once. a. | fault-block mountains | d. | folded
mountains | b. | volcanic mountains | e. | underwater volcanic mountains | c. | upwarped
mountains |
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28.
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Appalachian Mountains in the eastern United States
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29.
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southern Rocky Mountains in Colorado and New Mexico
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30.
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Teton Range in Wyoming
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31.
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Mount St. Helens in Washington
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32.
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Black Hills Mountains in South Dakota
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33.
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Adirondack Mountains in New York
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34.
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Hawaiian Islands that comprise Hawaii
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35.
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Mount Popocateptl in Mexico
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36.
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Sierra Nevada in California
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Match each term with the descriptions below. a. | fault | f. | lithosphere | b. | crust | g. | mantle | c. | magma | h. | subduction | d. | inner core | i. | asthenosphere | e. | outer
core |
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37.
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molten lava
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38.
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large fractures in rocks along which movement occurs
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39.
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rigid upper part of the mantle
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40.
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outermost layer of Earth's surface
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41.
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made of molten metal
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42.
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one plate sinks under another
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43.
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largest layer of Earth's interior
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44.
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made of solid iron
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45.
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plasticlike part of the mantle
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Short Answer
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46.
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What are two clues that scientists use to determine how Earth's interior is
divided into layers?
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47.
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List the four layers of Earth.
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48.
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Describe the difference between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere.
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49.
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List three possible reasons for plate movement.
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50.
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When does slab-pull occur?
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